The Spirit of ANZAC

ANZAC Day - a day where we remember those soldiers that have fought for our nation over the last century.
Although Gallipoli was where the legend of the ANZAC was born, ANZAC Day also remembers the courageous men and women who served in World War 2, the Vietnam War.
Activities
War hysteria gripped Australia, as it did Britain, France and Germany. Men rushed to join up, afraid the fighting might finish before they fired a shot. Australians saw the war as a great adventure, a chance to get away and see the world. Has our idea of war changed since then? Why do you think Australians might have had this view of war?
Some wars are fought from control rooms and the air with no face-to-face combat. In 1915, war was bloody and personal as it still is in many countries today. Study our exposure to violence, both remote and personal, that is portrayed in the media. Write conclusions to the question: "Have we become desensitised to violence?"
Find out about the role of organisations that help people during and after conflict, such as the Red Cross.
What did the diggers do for leisure? How did they take their mind off the terrible things that were happening around them? Write a legend about a digger that helped his mates through the tough times.
Design a campaign poster. The purpose could be to rally support for the war, encourage people to enlist, promote peaceful solutions to the conflict, etc.
Compare and contrast the elite troops returning from Afghanistan with the ANZACs
Australia rushed in to help Britain in the war against Germany in 1914. Australia's Prime Minister was Joseph Cook, who said: "If the old country is at war, so are we", while the Labour leader at the time was even more passionate: "Australians will stand beside our own to help and defend her to our last man and last shilling". Why was Australia so quick to volunteer to help Britain? Why did Joseph Cook call England the old country?
Find an example of war in the newspaper. Locate the countries or cities involved on a map. Does the story tell you both sides to the argument? Suggest three non-violent solutions to the conflict.
Research one aspect of World War 1, such as planes, weapons, uniforms, etc. Make a 3-minute presentation to the class about your findings.
How will you commemorate ANZAC Day? What commemorative events will take place in your school and town? How will commemorative ceremonies change during the next 50 years? Make a list of the symbols that are used to represent ANZAC Day.
So many men were volunteering to join up that acceptance standards were high - some were rejected as not fit enough. What might help or hinder a person's performance on the battlefield?
Write an obituary for an ANZAC hero. There were young men with a passion for their cause, so make sure that you capture some of this emotion in your writing.
Have the ANZACs left a legacy? Discuss this question, with reference to Australia’s recent role in the East Timor peacekeeping missions.
Australian’s provided a strong force during World War 1. Write a letter home as if you were there describing your situation.
Many cities and towns held big farewells for the departing troops, and speeches were made expressing the hope that the troops would uphold the fine traditions of the British race – Australians hoped our troops, so far untested in war, would not let them down. Discuss the pressures on a soldier in a battle. What might the soldier be thinking?
If you were in charge of organising an ANZAC Day march, what preparations would you have to make? Consider the route, transport, insurance, crowds, etc. What would you say to the crowd at dawn? Write an epitaph.
History is much more than dates and events – it is also about the effect an event has on people’s lives. For example, a description of a mother’s anguish at the death of a son in 1915 reveals more about the human cost than a note in a textbook saying thousands died in Gallipoli. Find a personal aspect to a war and record it in a manner that makes reading it seem real. Use pictures, quotes and slogans to support your record.
Mark on a timeline the major wars and peacekeeping missions that Australia has been involved in. Select one of these events and write a letter home as if you were there.

Websites
Visit Gallipoli
www.anzacsite.gov.au
Posted by the Department of Veteran's Affairs this site offers an overview of the campaign, personal accounts from the front, details about the memorials at Gallipoli and information on visiting the historic battlefields today.
About.com Military History- World War I
http://militaryhistory.about.com/cs/worldwari1/
Gives a good overview of World War I, with in depth articles on major campaigns such as Gallipoli.
Gallipoli 1915: The Drama of the Dardanelles
www.iwm.org.uk/online/gallipoli/
An online exhibit by the British Imperial War Museum. Includes an overview of the campaign, the planning, and breakdowns of each area of operations.
Anzac soldiers killed at Gallipoli
www.anzacs.org/
A unique site with biographical information on every soldier who died during the Gallipoli campaign.
First World War.Org
http://www.greatwar.org/
Covers all aspects of the Great War. But you will need to do a search for articles on Gallipoli.
Australian War Memorial
www.awm.gov.au/atwar/index.htm
An overview of all the battles in which Australians have taken part, with a special emphasis on Gallipoli.
Books
The Encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles
By Chris Coulthard-Clark
Contains concise entries on Australia's military involvement from the Maori Wars to Timor. Including good coverage of the Gallipoli campaign.
Gallipoli
By Les Carlyon
The most recent, and one of the most comprehensive books on the Gallipoli campaign. Written with character insights as poetic as a novel it may not win the vote of historians but it is still a good reference source and a very good read.
A Fortunate Life
By A.B. Facey
Facey's autobiography includes an account of his time at Gallipoli. A great source for the soldier's eye view of battle.
Soldier Boy
By Anthony Hill
The story of James Martin, a 14 year old that lied about his age in order to enlist in the First World War. Martin was sent to Gallipoli where he became one of the most tragic casualties in a tragic campaign.
World War I: Eyewitness Guides
By Simon Adams
A well illustrated pictorial history of the Great War. Includes a special spread on Gallipoli.
The Boys Who Came Home
By Harvey Broadbent.
A look at Gallipoli through the eyes of the officers and soldiers who made it home.
The Great World War 1914-45
By John Bourne, Peter Liddle and Ian Whitehead.
An interesting new angle on the era of war in the early 20th Century. It links both conflicts apart of the one great war and includes a special chapter on the amphibious landings at Gallipoli and what impact they had on planning for the biggest amphibious landings in history at Normandy on D-Day 1944.
The First World War
By Martin Gilbert
An excellent overview of the war with a chapter devoted to the Gallipoli campaign.
Places
Australian War Memorial - Canberra
There are special displays and education programs devoted to Gallipoli and the Anzacs. For details check out the website at www.awm.gov.au
Videos
Australians at War
Tells the story of Australia’s wartime experiences over the last 100 years. Combining never-before-seen archival film and stills, interviews and newly filmed sequences. Episode 2 concentrates on World War One and Gallipoli. Available from ABC shops http://shop1.abc.net.au/index.asp